Sensors Transducers

Sensors and transducers convert physical phenomena — temperature, pressure, motion, light, magnetic fields, humidity, gas concentration — into measurable electrical signals. This category includes temperature sensors (thermocouples, RTDs, thermistors, digital temp ICs), pressure sensors (absolute, gauge, differential), accelerometers/gyroscopes (IMUs, MEMS), magnetic sensors (Hall effect, magnetoresistive), humidity sensors, gas sensors, current sensors, optical sensors (photoelectric, proximity, ambient light), ultrasonic sensors, and flow sensors. Key parameters: sensing range, accuracy/precision, resolution, response time, output type (analog voltage, I²C, SPI, 4-20mA), supply voltage, and package type. Industrial IoT sensors add wireless connectivity (Bluetooth LE, LoRaWAN, Zigbee). Popular manufacturers: Bosch Sensortec, TE Connectivity, Honeywell, STMicroelectronics, TDK InvenSense, Sensirion, ams-OSRAM, and Omron.